Economics British Airways Free Essay Example, 1500 words

Each of the operating companies in the industry has pricing power and can set the prices according to its wish. Each company has the potential to affect the market but is also affected by other companies (Del Oro social Science Dept. There are some barriers to entry into the industry mainly because of the high set up costs involved. Vertical integration is limited in the airline industry as the choice of the entrant faces legal restrictions. Foreign ownership of most domestic airlines is limited mainly because of the regulation of the government. Cabotage restrictions prevent the airline in a certain country to carry passengers further the entry point of another country (Sullivan and Coughlan, p.The company can make intensive use of revenue management. Some of its steps might be using seats that are convertible so that the flights are filled with passengers who are profitable. Signing up alliances between carriers can be the alternate way to sustain in the market. Investments can be attracted to upgrade the efficiency of the fuel (Whitelegg, 2000, p. Investments in new or modern aircrafts that are fuel efficient will lead to lower consumption of fuel. We will write a custom essay sample on Economics: British Airways or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The revenue streams can be diverted into many other sectors including the shift towards air cargo services. The loss-making routes should be identified and closed. The frequency of flights can also be reduced in certain identified routes which will have its effects on the average fixed costs. The employment contracts can be made more flexible. The costs of labor can be split up between fixed and variable costs. A policy of mixed pricing strategy that will improve the flow of cash and also act to shoot up the total revenue can be undertaken. In the short run, the profit maximization policies can provide space for the pricing strategies. This will act as the shield in the situation of recession and focus will be on the survival of the firm (Riley, 2008).

Parental Choice Program Essay - 938 Words

Finally, Wisconsin’s voucher program began in 2013 and is called the â€Å"Parental Choice Program† (EdChoice). Wisconsin consistently had the highest test scores compared to the other four states that were examined. Its mathematics performance seemed to have scores that increase from the year 2003 with a score of 284 to 2009 with a score of 288. From this point the grades seem to level out, in 2011, 2013, and 2015 the grades remain at 289 out of 300. This is shown in Table 9, Graph 5. The reading grades differ slightly, as seen from Table 10. From 2003 to 2005, it remained at a steady 266, this grade dips in 2007 to 264 but rises again to 266 in 2009. The grades then steadily increase beginning at a 267 in 2011, to a 268 in 2013, and finally†¦show more content†¦Ohio scores for both math and reading follow a similar inconclusive trend. Therefore, it would be appropriate to conclude that vouchers have not yet created an â€Å"educational free market† dri ving competition in Ohio. Wisconsin data showed no improvement in math and moderate improvements in reading. Is it possible that in response to competition with private schools Wisconsin public schools improved the way they teach reading only? Of course. Is this likely? Simply put, no. North Carolina showed the most consistent change following the implementation of the voucher program. Both reading and math dropped a significant amount. Unfortunately, there is only one year’s worth of data following the program’s start. Therefore, it is impossible to know beyond a doubt that this pattern will continue. Ultimately, that would make this state’s data relatively inconclusive as well. Finally, Louisiana, the focus of the study conducted by Egalite confirming the benefits of vouchers in the state appears to fall flat under a broader scope. Egalite’s study merely examines school years 2010-11 through 2012-13. As seen in Graph 3, this incredibly narrow range shows no changes in math and improvements in reading. This however, is not the case in 2015. Therefore, it may be inappropriate to definitively state that school vouchers have caused publicShow MoreRelatedThe Inequality And Segregation Of The Public Educational System Essay1431 Words   |  6 Pageslack the proper funding, qualified teachers, and necessities. The people affected by these problems belong in low-income communities and are minorities. Many have taken their voices to shine light on this issue. Writers such as Michael Moore in his essay â€Å"Idiot Nation† reveal the frustration regarding the downfall of the American educational system because of its political ways. Jean Anyon â€Å"F rom Social Class and The Hidden Curriculum of Work† reveals the inequality of education based on a student’sRead MoreWomen s Lack Of Women1409 Words   |  6 Pagesuniversity graduates in non-STEM programs.† Focusing on the STEM disciplines seem to play crucial roles in the future. 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Describe Methods and Techniques for Dealing free essay sample

Content Page 1. 0 Introduction3 1. 1 Specific Decision Making Models3 1. 2 Rational Decision making model4 1. 3 Vroom-Yetton-Jago decision model5 1. 4 Intuitive decision making model6 1. 5 Heuristics6 2. 0 Related Models7 2. 1 Balanced scorecard 7 2. 2 Benchmarking8 2. 3 Game Theory9 2. 4 SWOT Analysis10 2. 5 PESTEL analysis11 2. 6 Porters 5 Forces11 3. 0 Conclusion12 4. 0 Appendices13 5. 0 References14 Decision making under uncertainty can be a crap shot. (see p. 121) Describe methods and techniques for dealing with uncertainty which managers can use to improve difficult decisions. 1. Introduction When looking into decision making you are able to see that every decision comes with risks, many business models have been created to attempt to reduce the associated risk that is involved. Harrison and Pelletier (2000) describe decision making as the ‘moment in an ongoing process of evaluating alternatives for meeting an objective, at which expectations about a particular course of action impel the decision maker to select that course of action most likely to result in attaining the objective’. This shows that a decision making model may need to be implanted alongside other business models to evaluate the situation. We will write a custom essay sample on Describe Methods and Techniques for Dealing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When managers are considering the options involved with decision making the following models can be used to help aid this process in different ways. Specific Decision Making Models ?Rational decision making ?Vroom-Yetton-Jago decision model ?Intuitive decision making model ?Heuristics Related Models ?Balanced scorecard ?Benchmarking ?Game theory ?SWOT analysis ?PESTEL analysis ?Porters 5 forces When examining each of these models we can see the advantages and disadvantages to a manager facing an uncertain decision problem.Depending on the type of decision that a manager is making depends if each model would be relevant in each case. Within the Snapple case study we examined William D Smithburg (the CEO of Quaker oats at the time) took the decision to acquire Snapple. I have examined each model on a broad basis in terms of what decision that the model can be used to aid, I will subsequently highlight which models I feel could have been used by William D Smithburg when making his decis ion to reduce the risk he encountered. 1. 1 Specific Decision Making ModelsThe following models show ways that decisions can be made. Suggesting structures and how decision making teams should be constructed. The models do not highlight how data is collected and presented. The related models can be used to further the knowledge of how uncertainty can be reduced in decision making in this sense. 1. 2 Rational Decision making model Rational decision making is a process of weighing up the alternatives using a cognitive thought process. Looking at the alternative possibilities and choosing what you think is the best alternative is the basic principle of this model. There are various steps that can be followed before coming to what the decision maker believes to be the best option, Diagram 1 shows an example of the way that rational decision making can happen; it basically involves a sequence of steps to achieve the end decision. The main advantages from using this model include that fact that there are very little costs involved; it is basically just the decision makers’ time that it is used to find the best solution to the problem. Also when a predetermined structure is created in advance it allows the decision maker to consider a range of options in a logical order.On the other hand this model has many disadvantages. Many people who should be involved in the decision making process are not necessarily involved, for example the stakeholders. Also the information that the decision making is based on could be inaccurate or insufficient, leading to a bad decision being made. It also needs to be considered if humans are able to make truly à ¢â‚¬Ëœrational’ decisions. Factors that effect the decisions that are made may not always be rational, emotions and personal feelings are not rational and may hinder the process.With rational decision making it is considered that there is only one best outcome, when in reality multiple outcomes may be ‘the best’ solution to the problem that is being faced. If we look at the third stage of the rational decision making model (Diagram 1) we can see that the situation needs to be analysed, to do this future possibilities need to be taken into consideration, if this is done without the correct data then it could become a huge disadvantage for the success of the decision.The decision maker needs to be fully informed of all the information that has influence on the decision that is being chosen and the alternative possibilities. This can also be a disadvantage for this decision making model, overall this model may not be the best option for a manager to chose when trying to make important decisions, how ever it can also be considered that if the model is adapted to specifically include greater accurate data collection, and discussion with relevant people to the decision.It is also important of trying to identify when emotions are playing a large part of the decision making process and try to set them aside to make a truly accurate decision. 1. 3 Vroom-Yetton-Jago decision model This model is used as a form of rational decision making, it helps to determine if a decision should me made alone or a group should be involved in the process. Appendix 1 shows the 5 styles that can be adopted when making a decision, depending on the people who are involved in the decision making process.The ideal style for any decision can be identified using this model, Appendix 1. 2 shows the questions that need to be asked to determine which style is best suited for the decision that is being made. The questions in Appendix 1. 2 are yes/no questions that after answering can be applied to the decision tree in diagram 2 to conclude which style is best suited for the decision. This is not a decision making model in the sense that it outlines how the decision process should be completed but simply identifies who should be involved in the process before it begins. A disadvantage of the rational decision making model is that people who need to be involved with the process are not always taken into consideration, if this model was used before the process outlined in diagram one it could lead to much greater success through this. 1. 4 Intuitive decision making model Intuitive decision making model, this is a model that is not well accepted into the academic community, but something that happens, this is based on the decision maker opting for a certain decision based on what they think is right at the time with no considerable insight into other factors affecting the situation.Klein and Weiss (2006) found that some people are highly successful solving everyday problems using this method however ‘Others need more time to formulate their solutions. Some must seek assistance from external auxiliary sources’ and because of this can make inaccurate decisions when used alone. The advantages to using this approach include the low cost and l ow time factors, when no particular information needs to be collected the process is significantly reduced. The main disadvantages are that it has a very high amount of risk associated with the process because of the lack of information and structure. . 5 Heuristics Heuristics is an approach to decision making that involves experience based problem solving. A famous type of heuristic model is trial and error, which is a method that is based on trying different possible solutions until the optimum solution has been reached. Hardin (1999) described Heuristics as when a decision maker is ‘faced with a familiar task, the decision maker uses a preconscious, pre-developed schema that determines the task and the production rules available to resolve the problem. ’Representative Heuristic is a form of Heuristics that is based on the random outcome process; this can be when a coin or a dice are used to make a decision for instance. This is because in life things appear to happen randomly. This decision method may not be helpful to reduce the uncertainty within the decision process as any decision could be chosen based on possibly very little research. However if at the end of a structured decision making process, where in depth analysis has taken place and the decision maker is still unable to decide between options this may be the easiest way to come to the final decision so in this respect it could be uite helpful but not necessarily in reducing uncertainty. Availability Heuristics is based on personal experience or knowledge of similar situations; this depends on how easy it is to think of examples, for example if something is discussed and thought of more than an alternative the decision maker will probably believe the thing that has been discussed more often is better. This example is based on people watching media and responding to things that they see. Often things that are brought to our conscious through media are not the most likely outcomes to happen in reality when applied to the decision making process.Due to the fact that more likely outcomes may not be at the front of the decision makers conscious shows how unrelia ble this method can be. There are various forms of this type of decision making model; however the way that it is conducted does not reduce the amount of uncertainty in a decision, but possibly have the opposite effect in creating greater uncertainty. This model may be appropriate in small every day decisions but on a larger scale for a business manager it could have hugely negative consequences. 2. 0 Related ModelsThe following models do not outline a decision making process, however they are valuable in many different decision making process within business by offering ways to collect data and evaluate pivotal situations that could be of high importance to a managers final decision. In this way they are helping managers to deal with the uncertainty by creating a more accurate view of the current situation. 2. 1 Balanced scorecard The balanced scorecard looks at four main perspectives in relation to performance; it can be used to access the current situation within a company or a sector of a company for example.The balance scorecard considers; 1. The financial perspective 2. The customer perspective 3. The Internal business process perspective 4. The learning and growth perspective They show different perspectives, internally and externally within a company. It was originally designed my Kaplan and Norton and allows managers a fast and comprehensive view of the business from and financial and non financial basis. It uses qualitative and quantitative measures, that measure efficiency and clarifies the goals of a company.It also looks into the long and short term perspectives to offer a truly well balanced view. When looking at using a balanced scorecard from a decision making perspective it could be used for example to analyse how the company is currently performing and whether it would be viable to make changes, possibly the introduction of a new product. There are many advantages of using a balanced scorecard as a decision making tool it gives a balanced view of the company’s performance so the decision maker is able to see if it is viable in the company’s current standing to make certain choices.It does this by providing a full picture to see if the company is currently meeting its objectives and targets. By gaining a balanced view of the performance of a company you can see if for example the company’s financial statements appear to be good, then you can see if the financial performance contradicts the other areas that are being evaluated, this is because you may also find that customer satisfaction is not being met adequately or the training offered to employees is outdated or inefficient and also perhaps the internal process are dysfunctional and need to be improved to increase efficiency.It can therefore show that there are possibilities for improvements but also that there are associated risks to any possi ble decisions. If the company is not running in an efficient manner at the present time then it can lead to more problems if the decision that is being considered is for example an expansion, then in this case it may be seen to be wise to deal with the existing problems before creating more. With a balanced scorecard a company can reassess objectives or determine how they can be altered to increase efficiency, this is particularly helpful using this model because you can look at a large period of time.The final main advantage to using the balanced scorecard in decision making is that when it is used you can forecast how a decision to change an aspect from one area of the scorecard can affect the other areas, for example when the price of a product is increased, using the balanced scorecard it can be predicted how the customers would react and if the supply and production departments would be able to cope with the associated changes. On the other hand the balance scorecard has some disadvantages when it is used as a decision making tool.To create an efficient balanced scorecard you need to look in depth at all four areas and create clear, thorough and comprehensive objectives to highlight the goals that the company wants to achieve in all of the four areas of the scorecard in over specific time periods. Once the objectives have been clearly defined you then need to break them down to see what will be required to fulfil them. All the variables need to be considered, this is a disadvantage as a decision making tool because of the time that needs to be invested to create the data within the scorecard, so this may not be applicable for all decisions.It has been said that this approach does not give a completely full picture of a company’s performance but just of the four areas that can limit the actual information that is shown. For example the financial analysis that is included can be seen as particularly l imiting, because of this it is better to look at the balanced scorecard as one tool that can be used along side other tools or models to help in the decision making process. Another important issue that needs to be fully considered to make the balanced scorecard helpful is the use of metrics (the way that the data is measured). If the metrics are not in a similar format for all the areas then accurate information to link the areas together can not be achieved, this means the balanced scorecard can be a waste of time and resources so therefore not help in the decision making process at all. Overall when looking at the balanced scorecard as a decision making tool, it can concluded that it can be useful when used correctly and as part of a larger range of tools or models to help gain a full idea of the current situation that is involved with finding the right decision. 2. 2 BenchmarkingBenchmarking is the process of comparing business processes and performance to industry leaders. Quality, time and cost are usually compared while doing this. When using benchmarking it can lead to improved efficiency, by finding ways to perform the operations to a better standard. Benchmarking can be used as a decision making tool by allowing a company to compare performance with the lead competitors in the market or industry. This would be helpful to be able to see for example if the company needs to improve its product, or operating methods to become more competitive.Benchmarking when used correctly has many advantages for a company and the industry as a whole, it increases the competitiveness within the industry, it identifies the best practices in it can then based on these practices devise new ones can be developed to achieve better standards. The improvements that are made through benchmarking are based on the current market situation, unlike other tools that focus too much on the internal and historical processes of a company. However because it is focused on the current situation it needs to be used as a continual process to be supportive to improvement of a company.If used correctly it can also show changes in the industry. On the other hand, when using benchmarking looking at the industry leaders strategies may not always be completely helpful. If the industry leader has inefficient strategies t hat are only showing short term results it may be wiser to consider other companies that are growing within the market that have developed long term efficient strategies. If the company simply copies what the leader is doing it will also copy the faults within their plans.The leading company may also have become arrogant through being the leader and because of this, standards may have fallen and perhaps because of this they have fewer incentives to strive for continuous improvement. Benchmarking is useless if it is not completed simultaneously with a plan for changes within the company. Could be short sighted if the company does not consider how the changes will affect the company in the future. This model is particularly important for a manager who is trying to make a decision whether to improve products or processes within the company.

Impact on Sustainable Consumption-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Marketers are not doing enough in directing their target Markets toward Sustainable Consumptions You are required to respond to the statement above and write the responses in an essay format. Answer: Introduction Consumer policy think-tanks may make a more meaningful impact on sustainable consumption patterns from the environmental and social angles. The UN now embody programs focusing on extensive research on the topic of sustainable consumption, promoting institutional practices based on sustainability and recycling, inspiring life cycle thought processes that have the emphasis on formulating eco-products, and creating benchmarks in the domain of controlling and checking any relevant environmental norms. According to Defila (2014, p. 121), sustainable consumption programs can enhance unity and win synergies across the board of policies: consumer, economic, education, environmental, social, etc. Countries famous for upholding comprehensive strategies in alignment with sustainable consumption are Czech Republic, Austria, Norway, Finland, Poland, France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Germany and Hungary, along with Greece are found in conflict for improving local policies focusing on sustain able consumption and production (In Genus, 2016, pp. 98-103). UK and Sweden are amongst the OECD countries that have end to end sustainable consumption modules or action plans. Discussion As stated by In Cohen, In Brown In Vergragt (2014, p. 341), the UK sustainable consumption agenda highlights on an effective policy mix in the domains of waste and recycling, energy efficiency, food and water usage. The year 2004 marked the construction of the Sustainable Consumption Roundtable by the UK, which was collaboration between the National Consumer Council and the Sustainable Development Commission, to formulate strategies. The Czech Republic Model of Programs on Sustainable Consumption and Production came up after the implementation of the idea of equivalent set of people led by the Minister of Environment. The National Council for Sustainable Development in France, a citizens unit and regulator creates strategies on sustainable consumption actions (Reisch Thgersen, 2017, p. 191), in Germany, the Federal Environment Ministry (BMU) formulates policies on sustainable consumption and production in the year 2004 by which the stakeholders were found to be satisfied. Certain n ations focus on sustainable consumption in holistic strategies (Belgium, Austria, Finland, Sweden and Norway). As per Davies, Fahy Rau (2016, pp. 34-52), out of all the OECD countries, most of them are known to have consumption indicators in their overall strategies that include: household products, share of overweight or obese people; water and electricity consumption; extent of green public procurement; generation of household waste and eco-label awards by product group. As stated by Jones (2016, p. 90), most of the OECD countries across the globe are considering holding public communications campaigns for the purpose of enhancing sustainable consumption. Previously, the campaigns were elaborated in nature, to assist environment-friendly purchases, i.e. Consumption and Environment in Demark, Education for Consumption in Mexico, Green Purchasing Network in Japan, EcoBuyer Campaign in Finland. Recent communications campaigns are engaging when it comes to providing advice on practical actions, and strategies of tackling of multi-media. Government campaigns are often targeted in inspiring eco-friendly consumption habits. One such country is Japan that is creating diversified and multidimensional cultural traditions to enhance sustainable packaging and recycling through the 3R campaign (Erdog?du, Arun Ahmad, 2016, pp. 190-212). In the United States, local authorities lent money to the advertising campaign on Water, to promote a wise use of it, which brin gs into focus efficient ways by which water can be saved in the immediate surroundings. One interesting fact is that in France, a government-sponsored television and radio campaign in 2006 spread awareness among the common mass on the different strategies that can be applied to improve conditions related to climate change and biodiversity loss. According to McEachern Carrigan (2015, p. 231), communications campaigns are becoming more and more popular in sensitizing socially-conscious consumption. Initiatives have place emphasis on people to quit smoking and on the anti-obesity campaigns in the United States, Germany and United Kingdom, targeted at lessening intake of junk foods by children (Li, 2016, pp. 101-123). The German Development Co-operation Ministry carried out a large scale campaign with the amount of 3.3 million to promote and spread awareness on the utilization of fair trade goods under the theme Fair Feels Good. According to Armstrong et al., (2015, pp. 141-167), there are a number of tools that have made a significant impact on sustainable consumer choices. One such tool is voluntary labeling. Research indicates that this tool has led to an increase of consumption of more products in the different countries when reviewed for the last few years. The labels that have been indicated as feasible are those where verification of environmental or social claims are done by a third party, such as governments as well as private organizations. These labels might be multi-criteria in nature that do relative views of their products or might be single issue labels which point to particular environmental or social characteristics of a product, like organic cotton, dolphin-safe tuna, or sustainable forestry. These labels are most effective when they generate information to large scale consumers on sustainability in a lucid manner (Kahle Gurel-Atay, 2015, p. 412). The most popular environmental or eco-labe ls with high levels of consumer recognition and impact on producers are the Nordic Swan (introduced in 1989) and the German Blue Angel (introduced in 1977). The latter is applied to some 3 800 products of about 710 companies, while the former includes high numbers of products and has consumer recognition of up to 90%. According to Jones (2016, p. 90), names of other countries that have national eco-label schemes encompass the European Union (the Flower), Canada (Environmental Choice), the Czech Republic, Austria, Japan (Eco Mark), France (NF Environnement), Netherlands, United States 30 (Green Seal) and the Sweden (Environmental Choice). Countries such as Austria, Czech Republic have their eco-labeling programs approved by governments while the others have non-governmental agencies or organizations to look after them, such as Germany, Japan. Marks Spencers is UKs leading retailer, dealing with food, clothing, and homeware. It was in the year 2006 that the company decided to place the concept of sustainability at the centre stage of all business processes. It transformed all the facets of the company, such as sales and customer relationships (Defila, 2014, p. 121). The pillars of the retailers plan on sustainable consumption were: Climate change: to transform MSs operations as carbon-neutral, Reducing waste: to have zero waste moving to landfill by recycling bags and packaging, Sustainable raw materials: to purchase the resources that are sustainable and renewable, Being a fair partner: to bring improvements in the lifestyles of millions of people and their families, Health: to aid thousands of employees and customers take up a healthier lifestyle (Reisch Thgersen, 2017, p. 191). It is noted that the success of the retailer companys sustainability plan was significant as so much of tangible change was highlighted like: lessening 10,000 tons of packaging, moving 20,000 tons of waste from landfill, stopped emitting 40,000 tons of CO2, stopped using 387 million food carrier bags (an 83% reduction), handled 1,500 tons of recycled polyester (equal to 37 million bottles), organic food sales in 2008 higher by 40% relative to 2006, created 100 million liters of water by bettering its use (Li, 2016, pp. 101-123). Conclusion Public communications campaigns are common in the OECD countries that have the objective of enhancing sustainable consumption. Recent communications campaigns are engaging regarding suggestions and piece of recommendations on practical actions, and tackling effectively the multi-media. Government campaigns are often targeted in inspiring eco-friendly consumption habits. Among the different tools for impacting sustainable consumer choices, voluntary labeling increased to use of more products and countries in recent years. These can be multi-criteria labels or single issue labels. It can be concluded that marketers are not enough to promote sustainable consumption. References Armstrong, G., Kotler, P., Trifts, V., Buchwitz, L. A., Gaudet, D. (2015). Marketing: An introduction. Toronto : Pearson, pp. 141-167. Davies, A., Fahy, F., Rau, H. (2016).Challenging consumption: Pathways to a more sustainable future. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge,pp. 34-52. Defila, R. (2014).Sustainable consumption. Munich: Oekom-Verl, p. 121. Erdog?du, M. M., Arun, T., Ahmad, I. H. (2016).Handbook of research on green economic development initiatives and strategies. Hershey, PA, USA: Business Science Reference, pp. 190-212. In Cohen, M. J., In Brown, H. S., In Vergragt, P. (2014).Innovations in sustainable consumption: New economics, socio-technical transitions and social practices. Cheltenham : Edward Elgar,p. 341. In Genus, A. (2016).Sustainable consumption: Design, innovation and practice. Cham: Springer, pp. 98-103. Jones, A. (2016).Services and the Green Economy. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, p. 90. Kahle, L. R., Gurel-Atay, E. (2015).Communicating sustainability for the green economy. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, p. 412. Li, X. (2016).Environmental advertising in China and the USA: The desire to go green. New York, NY: Routledge, Taylor Francis Group,pp. 101-123. McEachern, M. G., Carrigan, M. (2015).Contemporary issues in green and ethical marketing. Abingdon, Oxon : Routledge, Taylor Francis Group, p. 231. Reisch, L. A., Thgersen, J. (2017).Handbook of Research on Sustainable Consumption. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing, p. 191.

Fdi in Uae free essay sample

Government policies in light of FDI will also be looked at. The different determinants of FDI will also be discussed. This paper will also exemine FDI statistics in the U. A. E. Lastly a conclusion will be reached as to why developing and developed countried have increased FDI to United Arab Emirate. Introduction Dubais housing crash and near-default in 2009 decreased investors confidence in UAEs business environment. The UAE government has made a great effort to attract foreign investment. Consumer markets are lucrative, but have slowed down with the global crisis.The direction of FDI in the UAE is promising. The government has been on the forefront of promoting FDI is UAE. There are many different determinants of FDI into the UAE. Cassia Engineering is a Lebanese firm that has been operating in UAE since 1999. Cassia has faced many different challenges and benefits of operating in UAE. UAE Foreign Direct investment statistics Total Foreign Direct Investment ( an equity stake of 10% or more in a foreign based company) in UAE was on an increase from 2003 to 2008. We will write a custom essay sample on Fdi in Uae or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page it was at its peak in 2008 Before the financial crush that brought a huge crash in FDI to UAE.UAE, has been the 2nd ranking FDI reciver in the middle east region after Saudi Arabia. Over the years the amount of FDI into UAE has increased significantly. Latest data from the central bank shows that in 2009 direct investment into the UAE escalated to 14. 7 billion dhs from 50. 4bn dirhams in 2008, as the UAE was badly affected by the global financial crisis. The data does not give a breakdown for Dubai but rather gave statics for the whole country. In 2006 total FDI in UAE amount to AEDD 68. 63 billion which was an 11% increased from the previous year. [pic]From the table above the largest amount of FDI came from the restaurant and hotels sector. Also over 2005 – 2006 Dubai has been the highest receiver of FDI among the 7 emirates. Total FDI attracted by the UAE rocketed to nearly US$54. 78bn at the end of 2007, a staggering annual growth rate of about 717 per cent compared to 2006. In the six year period from 2003 to 2008, the UAE experienced the largest rise in 2008 in terms of both FDI project numbers and capital investment, with a 70% rise on project figures compared to 2007. In 2008, the UAE attracted 480 FDI projects consisting of $4. bn of capital investment and the creation of over 87,000 jobs. This accounted for a third of all project numbers, capital investment and job creation in the UAE between Jan 2003 and Jan 2009. [pic] [pic] Government policy on FDI The UAE government has been on the fore front of attracting FDI into the country. Although as on 2010 UAE law allow foreign investors to own up to 49% of this law does not apply in the free trade zones, like JAFZA, Internet city,Media City and the rest. In the free trade zones foreign companies can own up 100% of the company.These free trade zones have been a major FDI attraction. Also there is 100% tax excemption ,100% repatriation of profits and capital to home country is also permitted. In Dubai foreigners are allowed 100% of residential property. This law largely boosted the real estate market in Dubai. The government has also set forth,pro-employer laws. For example there is no minimum wage in UAE. Also incase of a dispute between the employer and the employee arises, the employer can have the immigration ban the employee from working in the UAE for a period of 1 year.These pro-employer laws have also been a source of FDI attraction to the UAE. DETERMINANTS OF FDI IN UAE. Many companies invest in UAE through FDI because of the political stability of the country. The Location of the UAE is also an attraction to firms. The location of the UAE allows companies that are opearating in it an easy entrance to regional markets, for examples Sausi Arabia , Qatar or Bahrain. This also included the geographical location of the UAE. The economic growth of the UAE offers great investment opportunities.

Top 10 Medical Careers That Dont Require a Graduate Degree

Top 10 Medical Careers That Dont Require a Graduate Degree according to the experts over at bestmedicaldegrees.com, there are at least 30 promising career options for people  with an interest in a medical profession but without the time or resources for medical school. here are the top 10 highest paying careers that require a bachelor’s degree and either on-the-job training or professional certifications. take a look at the list and see which one will be right for you!10. dietician and nutritionist ($55k)professional dieticians and nutritionists are required to have bachelor’s degrees in nutrition science and will need some kind of partnership or mentoring from physicians or fellow dieticians. these partnerships allow access to patients so dns can practice the development and implementation of schedules and lifestyle plans. they may also work in hospitals, care facilities, or other clinic or gym settings where they can work directly with clients.9. cytotechnologist ($61k)with a  bachelor’s  degree and graduation fr om an accredited cytotechnology program, certified cytotechs work in laboratories where they research cells and cellular anomalies to contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and illnesses.8. medical sonographer ($64k)sonographers operate imaging equipment during diagnostic appointments or assist physicians and surgeons during procedures. you’ll need an associate’s degree and a professional certification.7. registered nurse ($68k)rns must be licensed to practice in hospital and physicians’ offices, but many schools are moving from a two-year diploma to a two-year associate degree or a bachelor’s of science in nursing. many medical institutions are reporting a shortage of nurses, so the job prospects are promising.6. nuclear medicine technologist ($70k)an associate or bachelor’s degree in nuclear medicine technology prepares you to operate scanners and administer drugs to assist in a diagnosis or treatment of various ailments.5. radiati on therapist ($75k)â€Å"rad techs† are responsible for administering radiation treatments, most often for cancer patients, and working alongside radiation oncologists and radiation physicists. jobs may be available in hospitals, cancer centers, and outpatient clinic settings.4. biomedical engineer ($86k)biomedical engineering is a relatively recently established field that involves the research and development of diagnostic medical technology, including imaging equipment, prostheses, and pharmaceuticals. a bachelor’s degree in biomedical engineering and professional training on the job is necessary to secure a position in medical equipment manufacturing, hospital, or university settings.3. physician assistant ($90k)â€Å"pas† work closely with physicians to diagnose and treat patients; you’ll need a bachelor’s degree in a relevant field like nursing and an accredited physician assistant educational program. this in-depth but highly supervised work may also help you discover whether you want to pursue a degree in medicine further down the road.2. cardiovascular perfusionist ($94k)a cardiovascular perfusionist is responsible for maintaining heart and lung functions during surgery, monitoring blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, and blood gasses. many work in operating rooms or intensive care units and have completed perfusion training programs in addition to a bachelor’s degree in health studies.1.   medical and health services manager/administrator ($40-110k)if you like a demanding environment and excel under pressure, a position as a medical and health services manager/administrator may be for you! administrators are expected to stay up-to-date on relevant policies and laws, technological changes, and the daily operations of physicians’ offices, hospitals and clinics.

Death of a Salesman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Death of a Salesman - Essay Example To put it in short, DEATH OF A SALESMAN was the Great Grand Father of all cinematic technologies. This structural strength of the theatrical art in DEATH OF A SALESMAN stands behind as the everlasting appeal of the play. And above all, it is Miller’s affluence in portraying the culture and society of the day. Any art that reflects the society of the day has the capability to rise to the status of an epic. As such DEATH OF A SALESMAN enters into that domain, gluing theatrical drama and cinema with efficacious contents. This sort of strength transcending ages can be accounted for the perennial appeal for DEATH OF A SALESMAN. PORTRAYAL OF AMERICA: Miller has elegantly portrayed the patriarchal construct of American society. The never dying confusion of what it meant to be an American is the undertone of the play. The play is highly virulent in roping writers, critics and social thinkers of future generations to expose the hidden lies and underlying illusions fostered in a society built upon public myths and nationalistic pride. (Centola, 2007: p.37) CHARACHTERISATION: Characterization of the protagonist in the play has well been substantiated with the creation of his son Biff’s character. Parental imposition of unattained goals into kids’ psyche is well knit throughout the play.